Login failed- The user is not associated with a trusted SQL Server connection

 The Error number 18452 is similar to this issue.

The message "Login failed. The user is not associated with a trusted SQL Server connection" usually indicates that the connection attempt is being made with Windows Authentication, but the user is not recognized or trusted by the SQL Server.

Here are some steps to resolve this issue:

1. Check Authentication Mode

Ensure that the SQL Server is set to allow Windows Authentication (or Mixed Mode if you need both Windows and SQL Server authentication):

1. Open SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS).
2. Connect to the SQL Server instance.
3. Right-click the server in Object Explorer and select "Properties."
4. Go to the "Security" page.
5. Ensure "SQL Server and Windows Authentication mode" is selected.
6. Click "OK" and restart the SQL Server service if you made any changes.

2. Verify User Permissions

Ensure that the Windows user or group attempting to connect has the necessary permissions on the SQL Server:

1. In SSMS, navigate to Security > Logins.
2. Right-click and select "New Login" if the user doesn't already exist.
3. If the user exists, right-click the user and select "Properties."
4. Ensure the login is mapped to the appropriate database(s) and has the necessary roles and permissions.

3. Network and Domain Configuration

Ensure that the client machine and the SQL Server are in trusted domains or that the client machine is correctly joined to the domain:

1. Ensure the client machine is properly joined to the domain.
2. Verify that the domain of the client machine is trusted by the domain of the SQL Server.
3. Check the domain controller and Active Directory settings to ensure proper trust relationships are established.

4. Service Principal Names (SPNs) for Kerberos Authentication

If you are using Kerberos authentication, ensure that SPNs are properly configured for the SQL Server service account:

1. Use the setspn command to check and register SPNs. For example:

setspn -L <domain\username>
setspn -A MSSQLSvc/<hostname>:1433 <domain\username>
setspn -A MSSQLSvc/<hostname>.<domain>:1433 <domain\username>

5. Check Local Security Policies

Ensure that the local security policies on the client machine allow for delegation and trust the SQL Server:

1. Open the Local Security Policy management console (secpol.msc).
2. Navigate to Local Policies > User Rights Assignment.
3. Ensure "Access this computer from the network" includes the user or group.
4. Ensure "Deny access to this computer from the network" does not include the user or group.

6. Check SQL Server Configuration

Ensure that the SQL Server is configured to accept connections from the specific domain:

1. Open SQL Server Configuration Manager.
2. Go to SQL Server Network Configuration > Protocols for [Your Instance].
3. Ensure TCP/IP is enabled.
4. Check the IP addresses and ensure they are configured correctly.

Example Connection String for SQL Server Authentication

If switching to SQL Server Authentication, you can use the following connection string format:

string connectionString = "Server=myServerAddress;Database=myDataBase;User Id=myUsername;Password=myPassword;";

Conclusion

If these steps do not resolve the issue, it may be necessary to work with your network or domain administrator to ensure all settings are correctly configured and that there are no underlying network or domain issues.

SQL Error 4060: Cannot open database requested by the login

 SQL Server Error 4060 indicates that the login attempt to a specific database has failed. The full error message typically looks like this:

Cannot open database "DatabaseName" requested by the login. The login failed. Login failed for user 'UserName'.

Common Causes and Solutions

1. Database Does Not Exist

Cause: The database specified in the connection string does not exist on the SQL Server instance.

Solution: Verify that the database name in the connection string is correct and that the database exists on the server.

SELECT name FROM sys.databases WHERE name = 'DatabaseName';

2. Insufficient Permissions

Cause: The login does not have the necessary permissions to access the database.

Solution: Grant the appropriate permissions to the user.

USE master;
GRANT CONNECT TO [UserName];
USE [DatabaseName];
ALTER USER [UserName] WITH LOGIN = [UserName];

3. User Not Mapped to Database

Cause: The login is not mapped to a user in the database.

Solution: Map the login to a user in the database.

USE [DatabaseName];
CREATE USER [UserName] FOR LOGIN [UserName];

4. Database in Single-User Mode

Cause: The database is in single-user mode and another user is already connected.

Solution: Change the database to multi-user mode.

ALTER DATABASE [DatabaseName] SET MULTI_USER;

5. Database is Offline

Cause: The database is set to offline mode.

Solution: Set the database to online mode.

ALTER DATABASE [DatabaseName] SET ONLINE;

6. Login with Default Database Issue

Cause: The login’s default database is not accessible or does not exist.

Solution: Change the default database for the login.

ALTER LOGIN [UserName] WITH DEFAULT_DATABASE = [ExistingDatabase];

Example Troubleshooting Steps

Here is a structured approach to troubleshoot SQL Server Error 4060:

• Verify Database Existence: Check if the database exists on the server.

SELECT name FROM sys.databases WHERE name = 'DatabaseName';

• Check User Mapping: Ensure the login is mapped to a user in the database

USE [DatabaseName];
SELECT name FROM sys.database_principals WHERE name = 'UserName';

• Check Database Status: Verify that the database is online and in multi-user mode.

SELECT state_desc FROM sys.databases WHERE name = 'DatabaseName';

        To bring the database online and set it to multi-user mode if necessary:

ALTER DATABASE [DatabaseName] SET ONLINE;
ALTER DATABASE [DatabaseName] SET MULTI_USER;

• Grant Necessary Permissions: Ensure the login has the necessary permissions.

USE master;
GRANT CONNECT TO [UserName];
USE [DatabaseName];
ALTER USER [UserName] WITH LOGIN = [UserName];

• Check Default Database: Verify and change the default database for the login if required.

ALTER LOGIN [UserName] WITH DEFAULT_DATABASE = [ExistingDatabase];

Example Scenario

Suppose you encounter the error message while trying to connect to a database named SalesDB with a user named SalesUser. Follow these steps:

• Check if SalesDB exists:

SELECT name FROM sys.databases WHERE name = 'SalesDB';

• Check user mapping in SalesDB:

USE [SalesDB];
SELECT name FROM sys.database_principals WHERE name = 'SalesUser';

• Check the status of SalesDB:

SELECT state_desc FROM sys.databases WHERE name = 'SalesDB';

        If the database is offline, bring it online:

ALTER DATABASE [SalesDB] SET ONLINE;

• Ensure SalesUser has access to SalesDB:

USE master;
GRANT CONNECT TO [SalesUser];
USE [SalesDB];
ALTER USER [SalesUser] WITH LOGIN = [SalesUser];

• Check and set the default database for SalesUser:

ALTER LOGIN [SalesUser] WITH DEFAULT_DATABASE = [SalesDB];

By following these steps, you should be able to diagnose and resolve the SQL Server Error 4060, ensuring that the login can successfully access the requested database.